SOL 7a Colonial System
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Latin American revolutions of the nineteenth century were influenced by the clash of European cultures in the development of governments and ruling powers.
Spanish conquests in Latin America saw the rapid decline of native populations and introduction of slaves from Africa. Conquistadors were given governmental authority by the crown, becoming known as viceroys.
Spanish conquests in Latin America saw the rapid decline of native populations and introduction of slaves from Africa. Conquistadors were given governmental authority by the crown, becoming known as viceroys.
Characteristics of the colonial system
· Colonial governments mirrored the home governments.
-Spanish colonies set up like Spain, British colonies (like US!) took on British attributes, Brazil like Portugal, etc.
· Catholicism had a strong influence on the development of the colonies.
-Colonies were primarily Spanish and Portuguese - both Catholic rather than Protestant
· A major element of the economy was the mining of precious metals for export.
-Spain in particular, as discussed in SOL 4, experienced terrible inflation due to its silver export
· Major cities were established as outposts of colonial authority.
– Havana – Mexico City – Lima – São Paulo – Buenos Aires
Can you spot the city that does NOT speak Spanish?
· Colonial governments mirrored the home governments.
-Spanish colonies set up like Spain, British colonies (like US!) took on British attributes, Brazil like Portugal, etc.
· Catholicism had a strong influence on the development of the colonies.
-Colonies were primarily Spanish and Portuguese - both Catholic rather than Protestant
· A major element of the economy was the mining of precious metals for export.
-Spain in particular, as discussed in SOL 4, experienced terrible inflation due to its silver export
· Major cities were established as outposts of colonial authority.
– Havana – Mexico City – Lima – São Paulo – Buenos Aires
Can you spot the city that does NOT speak Spanish?
Latin American Class System
Peninsulares - born in Spain or Europe Includes viceroys/governors
Creoles - Parents are both Spanish, born in New World
Mestizo/Mulattoes - Mixed of Spanish and Native or African parent
Peninsulares - born in Spain or Europe Includes viceroys/governors
Creoles - Parents are both Spanish, born in New World
Mestizo/Mulattoes - Mixed of Spanish and Native or African parent
SOL 7b Impact of the American and French Revolutions
The American and French Revolutions took place in the late 1700s. Within 20 years, the ideas and examples of these revolutions influenced the people of Latin America to establish independent nations, most notably in Haiti and Mexico.
Influence of the American and French Revolutions on Latin America
· Slaves in Haiti rebelled, abolished slavery, and won independence. (more in the next section)
· Father Miguel Hidalgo started the Mexican independence movement.
· French, Spanish, and Portuguese colonies gained independence.
French = Haiti, slave rebellion
Portuguese = Brazil, peaceful
Spain = Mexico (Hidalgo) and the rest if Latin America (Much Bolivar)
· Slaves in Haiti rebelled, abolished slavery, and won independence. (more in the next section)
· Father Miguel Hidalgo started the Mexican independence movement.
· French, Spanish, and Portuguese colonies gained independence.
French = Haiti, slave rebellion
Portuguese = Brazil, peaceful
Spain = Mexico (Hidalgo) and the rest if Latin America (Much Bolivar)
Selected countries that gained independence during the 1800s
· Mexico
· Haiti
· Colombia
· Venezuela
· Brazil
See if you can find these countries on the map to the left.
· Mexico
· Haiti
· Colombia
· Venezuela
· Brazil
See if you can find these countries on the map to the left.
SOL 7c L'Overture and Bolivar
The contributions of Toussaint L’Ouverture and Simón Bolivar led to the development of independent states in Latin America in the nineteenth century
SOL 7d Monroe Doctrine
After the American Revolution, the United States wished to prevent foreign interference in America. The Monroe Doctrine was issued in 1823, alerting European powers that the American continents should not be considered for any future colonization.
Impact of the Monroe Doctrine
· The Monroe Doctrine was issued by President James Monroe in 1823.
· Latin American nations were acknowledged to be independent. (therefore backs up the revolutions!)
· The United States would regard as a threat to its own peace and safety any attempt by European powers to impose their system on any independent state in the Western Hemisphere.
(fyi: this doesn't have that much ability until the Roosevelt Corollary is added)
· The Monroe Doctrine was issued by President James Monroe in 1823.
· Latin American nations were acknowledged to be independent. (therefore backs up the revolutions!)
· The United States would regard as a threat to its own peace and safety any attempt by European powers to impose their system on any independent state in the Western Hemisphere.
(fyi: this doesn't have that much ability until the Roosevelt Corollary is added)