SOL 6a Roman Geography
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The city of Rome, with its central location on the Italian peninsula, was able to extend its influence over the entire Mediterranean Basin.
The Italian peninsula was protected by the sea and the arc of the Alps mountains.
Rome: Central in the Mediterranean Basin & distant from eastern Mediterranean powers
Alps: Protection
Mediterranean Sea: Protection, sea-borne commerce
Rome is on the Tiber River
The Italian peninsula was protected by the sea and the arc of the Alps mountains.
Rome: Central in the Mediterranean Basin & distant from eastern Mediterranean powers
Alps: Protection
Mediterranean Sea: Protection, sea-borne commerce
Rome is on the Tiber River
SOL 6b Roman Mythology
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Roman mythology, like Greek mythology, was based upon a polytheistic religion that was integral to culture, politics, and art.
Many of Western civilization’s symbols, metaphors, words, and idealized images come from ancient Roman mythology.
Many of Western civilization’s symbols, metaphors, words, and idealized images come from ancient Roman mythology.
SOL 6c The Republic
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Social structure in the Roman Republic
Patricians: Powerful nobility (few in number)
Plebeians: Majority of population
Slaves: Not based on race
Patricians: Powerful nobility (few in number)
Plebeians: Majority of population
Slaves: Not based on race
Citizenship
Patrician and plebeian men
Selected foreigners (usually earned through military service,etc)
Rights and responsibilities of citizenship (e.g., taxes, military service)
Patrician and plebeian men
Selected foreigners (usually earned through military service,etc)
Rights and responsibilities of citizenship (e.g., taxes, military service)
Features of Roman Democracy
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SOL 6d Punic Wars
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Punic Wars: Rome vs. Carthage (264–146 b.c. [b.c.e.])
· Rome and Carthage were in competition for trade.
· Hannibal invaded the Italian Peninsula.
· Three wars resulted in Roman victory, the destruction of Carthage, and expanded trade and wealth for Rome.
· Rome and Carthage were in competition for trade.
· Hannibal invaded the Italian Peninsula.
· Three wars resulted in Roman victory, the destruction of Carthage, and expanded trade and wealth for Rome.
Mediterranean basin (Africa, Asia, Europe, including the Hellenistic world of the Eastern Mediterranean)
Western Europe (Gaul, British Isles)
Can you find the 3 separate continents?
What country is Gaul today?
Western Europe (Gaul, British Isles)
Can you find the 3 separate continents?
What country is Gaul today?
SOL 6ef Decline of the Republic, Rise of Julius Caesar
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Causes for the decline of the Roman Republic
The origin and evolution of Imperial Rome
SOL 6g The Pax Romana
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The Pax Romana
Two centuries of peace and prosperity under imperial rule started under Augustus Ceasar
Expansion and solidification of the Roman Empire, particularly in the Near East
Two centuries of peace and prosperity under imperial rule started under Augustus Ceasar
Expansion and solidification of the Roman Empire, particularly in the Near East
Economic impact of the Pax Romana
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Social impact of the Pax Romana
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Political impact of the Pax Romana
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SOL 6h and i Christianity
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Origins of Christianity
· Had its roots in Judaism
(believe in the Old Testament and Jewish prophets, Jesus was Jewish, etc)
· Was led by Jesus of Nazareth, who was proclaimed the Messiah
· Conflicted with polytheistm of Roman Empire
(both the many gods & Christians preached God above emperors)
(believe in the Old Testament and Jewish prophets, Jesus was Jewish, etc)
· Was led by Jesus of Nazareth, who was proclaimed the Messiah
· Conflicted with polytheistm of Roman Empire
(both the many gods & Christians preached God above emperors)
Christian Beliefs, Customs, and Traditions
Spread of Christianity
Impact of the Church of Rome in the late Roman Empire
The Emperor Constantine converted to Christianity & made it legal.
Constantine had a vision so he painted his army's shields with a Christian symbol. When his army won he decided the Christian God must be good and made it legal.
He will also moved the capital to Byzantium and rename it Constantinople to get away from the invaders.
Constantine had a vision so he painted his army's shields with a Christian symbol. When his army won he decided the Christian God must be good and made it legal.
He will also moved the capital to Byzantium and rename it Constantinople to get away from the invaders.
Christianity later became the official state religion.
This will happen under Theodosius.
The Church became a source of moral authority.
Christians looked to religouis leaders to say right & wrong.
Christians looked to religouis leaders to say right & wrong.
Loyalty to the Church became more important than loyalty to the Emperor.
This meant the Pope was steadily gaining power over people.
This meant the Pope was steadily gaining power over people.
The Church became the main unifying force of Western Europe.
When the Western Empire falls, the Church is the main common thread.
SOL 6j Roman Achievements
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· Art and architecture: Pantheon, Colosseum, Forum
· Technology: Roads, aqueducts, Roman arches
· Science: Achievements of Ptolemy
· Medicine: Emphasis on public health (public baths, public water systems, medical schools)
· Language: Latin, Romance languages
· Literature: Virgil’s Aeneid
· Religion: Roman mythology; adoption of Christianity as the imperial religion
· Law: The principle of “innocent until proven guilty” (from the Twelve Tables)
· Technology: Roads, aqueducts, Roman arches
· Science: Achievements of Ptolemy
· Medicine: Emphasis on public health (public baths, public water systems, medical schools)
· Language: Latin, Romance languages
· Literature: Virgil’s Aeneid
· Religion: Roman mythology; adoption of Christianity as the imperial religion
· Law: The principle of “innocent until proven guilty” (from the Twelve Tables)
SOL 6k Fall of the Empire (not the Republic!!)
Over a 300 year period,
the western part of the Roman Empire steadily
declined because of internal and external problems.
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Causes for the decline of the Western Roman Empire
Division of the Roman Empire
Move of the capital by Constantine from Rome to Byzantium, renaming it Constantinople
Survival of the Western Roman Empire until 476 a.d. (c.e.), it ceased to have a Roman Emperor
Eastern Roman Empire (Byzantine Empire)
Survival of the Western Roman Empire until 476 a.d. (c.e.), it ceased to have a Roman Emperor
Eastern Roman Empire (Byzantine Empire)
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whi.6_-_rome_student_notes.pdf | |
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