SOL 8a Congress of Vienna
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The French Revolution left a powerful legacy for world history: secular society, nationalism, and democratic ideas.
Legacy of Napoleon - Napoleon’s attempt to
unify Europe under French domination was
unsuccessful. (Hitler will actually repeat many of Napoleon's mistakes!)
· Unsuccessful attempt to unify Europe under French domination · Napoleonic Code · Awakening of feelings of national pride and growth of nationalism |
Legacy of the Congress of Vienna - The Congress of Vienna attempted to restore Europe as it had been before the French Revolution and Napoleonic conquests.
· “Balance of power” doctrine - make it so NO ONE, especially France, could be too powerful
· Restoration of monarchies - turns back time as if the French Revolution did not occur
· New political map of Europe - no one was really happy with the new map
· New political philosophies (liberalism, conservatism)
liberal (wants changes) vs. conservative (wants to return to old times and monarchs)
· “Balance of power” doctrine - make it so NO ONE, especially France, could be too powerful
· Restoration of monarchies - turns back time as if the French Revolution did not occur
· New political map of Europe - no one was really happy with the new map
· New political philosophies (liberalism, conservatism)
liberal (wants changes) vs. conservative (wants to return to old times and monarchs)
SOL 8b Unsuccessful Revolutions of 1848 & Britain's Reforms
standard_whii_8b.docx | |
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The rise of nationalism was a powerful force behind European politics during the nineteenth century.
Widespread demands for political rights led to revolutions and legislative actions in Europe.
National pride, economic competition, and democratic ideals stimulated the growth of nationalism.
The terms of the Congress of Vienna led to widespread discontent in Europe, especially in Italy and the German states. Unsuccessful revolutions of 1848 increased nationalistic tensions. (This is primarily in the center of the continent. The Balkans fighting will only increase and become the "powder keg".)
In contrast to continental Europe, the United Kingdom expanded political rights through legislative means and made slavery illegal in the British Empire. (Isn't Britain always the odd one? It was this way in SOL 6 too - it avoided Absolute monarchs and had a glorious revolution instead. It was the same here too. There were peaceful and used a democratic system which they passed to the US).
Widespread demands for political rights led to revolutions and legislative actions in Europe.
National pride, economic competition, and democratic ideals stimulated the growth of nationalism.
The terms of the Congress of Vienna led to widespread discontent in Europe, especially in Italy and the German states. Unsuccessful revolutions of 1848 increased nationalistic tensions. (This is primarily in the center of the continent. The Balkans fighting will only increase and become the "powder keg".)
In contrast to continental Europe, the United Kingdom expanded political rights through legislative means and made slavery illegal in the British Empire. (Isn't Britain always the odd one? It was this way in SOL 6 too - it avoided Absolute monarchs and had a glorious revolution instead. It was the same here too. There were peaceful and used a democratic system which they passed to the US).
SOL 8cd Unification of Italy and Germany
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Italy and Germany became nation-states long after the rest of Europe.
Unification of Italy
· Count Cavour unified Northern Italy. · Giuseppe Garibaldi joined southern Italy to northern Italy. · The Papal States (including Rome) became the last to join Italy. Garibaldi put the south together. Cavour worried Garibaldi would be greedy. Instead Garibaldi handed the south to the north & Cavour. He was a patriot. |
Unification of Germany
· Otto von Bismarck led Prussia in the unification of Germany through war and by appealing to nationalist feelings. · Bismarck’s actions were seen as an example of Realpolitik, which justifies all means to achieve and hold power. · The Franco-Prussian War led to the creation of the German state. |