Written in the Constitution (Article I, Section 8)
1. Power to tax and spend for the defense & general welfare of the U.S. 2. Power to borrow money 3. Power to regulate foreign and interstate commerce 4. Establish naturalization and bankruptcy laws 5. Power to coin money 6. Punish counterfeiters of money and securities (stocks) 7 .Establish post offices 8. Grant patents and copyrights 9. Create courts below the Supreme Court |
9. Create courts below the Supreme Court
10. Define and punish piracies & felonies of the high seas 11 .Declare war 12. Raise and support an army 13. Provide and maintain a navy 14. Make laws governing the armed forces (different from civilian law) 15. Provide and call for the militia/National Guard to execute federal laws 16. Organize, arm, and discipline the militia 17. Govern the District of Columbia 18. Provide for the laws necessary and proper for carrying out all other listed powers |